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Published on: November 5, 2019
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Meningococcal Vaccinations
Nancy Crum-Cianflone1,2, Eva Sullivan3
1Infectious Diseases, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA. nancy32red@yahoo.com.
Infectious Diseases and Therapy
|April 18, 2016
Summary
Meningococcal conjugate vaccines have significantly reduced invasive meningococcal disease globally. Advances in vaccinology have led to effective vaccines against serogroup B, further decreasing disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Neisseria meningitidis is a bacterium causing meningitis and bacteremia.
- Six serogroups (A, B, C, W, X, Y) cause most invasive infections.
- High-risk groups include infants, adolescents, and those with specific deficiencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution and impact of meningococcal vaccines.
- To highlight the success of conjugate vaccines in disease prevention.
- To discuss recent advances in serogroup B vaccine development.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical and current meningococcal vaccine data.
- Analysis of vaccine efficacy and impact on disease incidence.
- Examination of vaccinology advancements.
Main Results:
- Polysaccharide vaccines have limitations; conjugate vaccines overcome these.
- Conjugate vaccines dramatically reduced disease incidence, especially serogroup A.
- New serogroup B vaccines (Bexsero, Trumenba) are now available.
Conclusions:
- Meningococcal vaccines have substantially decreased disease burden worldwide.
- Vaccine evolution represents a major public health achievement.
- Targeted vaccination programs are key to controlling meningococcal disease.
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