Adding Multiple Adipokines into the Model do not Improve Weight Gain Prediction by Leptin Levels in Newborns
Consuelo Treviño-Garza, Cynthia M Estrada-Zúñiga, Leonardo Mancillas-Adame
1Cavazos MD, University Autonomous of Nuevo Leon, 'Dr. José E. González' University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey/Nuevo Leon, Mexico Phone: +52 (81) 83469959
Insights
Leptin levels in cord blood predict infant weight gain in the first three months. Adding other adipokines like adiponectin and IL-6 did not improve this prediction for early-life cardiometabolic risk.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal research
- Pediatric endocrinology
- Metabolic health
Background:
- Adipose tissue development is crucial in early life, influencing long-term cardiometabolic health.
- The first three months post-birth are a critical window for adiposity programming.
- Adipokines in cord blood are being investigated as early predictors of infant weight gain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate if cord blood adipokines, beyond leptin, predict infant weight gain up to three months.
- To assess the predictive value of adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1, resistin, PAI-1, and TNF-α for early infant weight gain.
Main Methods:
- Multiplex immunoassay was used to measure seven adipokines (adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1, leptin, resistin, PAI-1, TNF-α).
- Measurements were taken from cord blood samples of 86 healthy term newborns.
- Infant weight gain was tracked for the first three months of life.
Main Results:
- Leptin levels in cord blood significantly predicted infant weight gain at three months (r²=0.09, p=0.006).
- Including other measured adipokines in multivariate models did not enhance the prediction of weight gain.
- No significant improvement in predicting weight gain was observed when adding adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1, resistin, PAI-1, or TNF-α to leptin.
Conclusions:
- Leptin is a relevant predictor of infant weight gain in the first three months.
- Additional adipokines (adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1, resistin, PAI-1, TNF-α) do not significantly improve the prediction of early infant weight gain.
- The predictive utility of these additional adipokines for weight gain and cardiometabolic risk in newborns appears limited.
Objective:
Most adipose tissue programming is realized in early life. Also, the postnatal three months, rather than the later phases of infancy, may be more relevant in the development of an adverse cardiometabolic risk profile. The adipokines phenotype, as a predictor of early-life weight gain, has been recently explored in cord blood. To determine whether in addition to leptin levels in cord samples, adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels improve weight gain prediction during the first three months of life.
Methods:
Adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1, leptin, resistin, PAI-1, and TNF-α were measured by multiplex immunoassay in a subsample of 86 healthy term newborns.
Results:
Leptin levels significantly predicted weight gain at 3 months of follow-up (r2=0.09, p=0.006). In the multivariate analysis, including additional adipokines in the model, stepwise or all at once, did not increase the prediction of weight gain after the first three months of life.
Conclusion:
Adding adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1, resistin, PAI-1, and TNF-α to the prediction model of weight gain in healthy newborns did not prove to be useful. It is probable that their relative contribution to weight gain is not important. Only leptin was relevant as a predictor of weight gain at the 3-month endpoint.
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