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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

344
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
344
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

312
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
312
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
310
Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients01:15

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

202
Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...
202
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

314
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
314
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

326
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Key issues for elderly patients contemplating clinical trial participation.

Leslie Carandang1, Jennifer C Goldsack2, Seema S Sonnad2

  • 1a College of Arts and Sciences , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts , USA.

Journal of Women & Aging
|April 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Elderly patients generally view clinical research favorably. However, trial enrollment depends on their perception of reasonable commitment, risks, and side effects.

Keywords:
Agedhealth care disparitiespatient participation

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Research
  • Patient Recruitment

Background:

  • Understanding elderly patient perspectives is crucial for successful clinical trial enrollment.
  • Previous research indicates varied attitudes among different demographics regarding medical research participation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore key factors influencing clinical trial enrollment decisions among elderly patients.
  • To identify general attitudes toward research and specific recruitment aspects in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving surveys and interviews with elderly patients who were approached for clinical trial participation.
  • Data collection focused on general attitudes toward research and specific elements of trial recruitment.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients demonstrated favorable attitudes toward research, with notable differences based on gender and race.
  • Key decision drivers included altruism, physician recommendations, and personal assessments of inconvenience, benefits, and risks.
  • Positive research views necessitate a perception of reasonable commitment, risks, and side effects for enrollment.

Conclusions:

  • Elderly individuals possess a positive outlook on clinical research.
  • Facilitating trial participation requires addressing patient concerns regarding the demands, risks, and potential side effects of enrollment.
  • Future recruitment strategies should consider these patient-centric factors to enhance engagement in clinical trials.