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T follicular regulatory cells.

Peter T Sage1,2, Arlene H Sharpe1,2,3

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Immunological Reviews
|April 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells control T follicular helper (Tfh) cell activity in germinal centers, regulating antibody production. Understanding Tfr cells offers insights into immune responses, vaccine strategies, and antibody-mediated diseases.

Keywords:
TfhTfrgerminal centerhumoral immunityregulatory T cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Pathogen exposure triggers T follicular helper (Tfh) cells to promote high-affinity antibody production within germinal centers.
  • Tfh cells are crucial for B cell affinity maturation, class switching, and plasma cell differentiation.
  • Germinal center reactions normally produce targeted antibodies while limiting autoimmunity and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the current understanding of T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cell differentiation and function.
  • To explore the role of Tfr cells in controlling germinal center reactions.
  • To provide insights into regulating germinal centers for improved vaccine strategies and treatments for antibody-mediated diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent data on Tfr cell biology.
  • Discussion of Tfr cell differentiation and function.
  • Analysis of Tfr cell impact on germinal center dynamics.

Main Results:

  • T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells migrate to germinal centers and inhibit Tfh cell-mediated B cell activation and antibody production.
  • Tfr cells play a specialized role in regulating the germinal center reaction.
  • Knowledge of Tfr cells is advancing the understanding of immune system control.

Conclusions:

  • Tfr cells are key regulators of the germinal center reaction.
  • Understanding Tfr cell function can lead to more effective vaccine strategies.
  • Targeting Tfr cells may offer new therapeutic approaches for antibody-mediated diseases.