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Decrease of memory retention in a parasitic wasp: an effect of host manipulation by Wolbachia?

Hossein Kishani Farahani1, Ahmad Ashouri1, Seyed Hossein Goldansaz1

  • 1Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

Insect Science
|April 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Wolbachia infection in Trichogramma brassicae wasps impairs learning and shortens memory duration. Uninfected wasps demonstrated superior learning ability and longer memory retention, suggesting Wolbachia may influence host behavior for transmission.

Keywords:
Trichgramma brassicaeWolbachia infectionassociative learningmemory durationspacing learning

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Learning and memory are crucial for survival and reproduction in many organisms.
  • Wolbachia, an intracellular bacterium, infects a wide range of arthropods and influences host physiology and behavior.
  • The impact of Wolbachia on host learning and memory has not been previously investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the learning ability and memory duration between Wolbachia-infected and uninfected strains of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae.
  • To investigate the potential adaptive significance of Wolbachia-induced changes in host memory.

Main Methods:

  • Two strains of Trichogramma brassicae (one infected, one uninfected with Wolbachia) were used.
  • Associative learning was tested by conditioning wasps to associate novel odors with a reward (oviposition into a host egg).
  • Memory duration was assessed by testing recall of odor-reward associations over time.

Main Results:

  • Both infected and uninfected wasps could learn odor-reward associations, but a higher percentage of uninfected wasps learned effectively.
  • Memory duration was significantly longer in uninfected wasps compared to infected wasps for both tested odors (peppermint and lemon).
  • While memory retention improved with conditioning sessions in both strains, it remained consistently lower in Wolbachia-infected wasps.

Conclusions:

  • Wolbachia infection negatively affects learning ability and reduces memory duration in Trichogramma brassicae.
  • Reduced memory retention in infected wasps might be an adaptive strategy to promote dispersal and enhance Wolbachia transmission to new environments.
  • This study highlights a novel behavioral manipulation by Wolbachia, impacting host cognitive functions.