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Convergent Validity of the PUTS.

Valerie Cathérine Brandt1, Christian Beck2, Valeria Sajin1

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Summary

Premonitory urges in Tourette syndrome are well-measured by the PUTS scale, showing good validity against real-time urge monitoring. This suggests the PUTS scale captures urge intensity, quality, and control, aiding future Tourette syndrome research.

Keywords:
PUTSTourette syndromepremonitory urgereal-time urge monitortic

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Premonitory urges are a key symptom in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS).
  • The Premonitory Urge for Tic Disorders Scale (PUTS) assesses urge severity.
  • Assessing the convergent validity of the PUTS has been challenging due to a lack of comparable urge measurement tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the convergent validity between real-time urge intensity monitoring and the PUTS in adults with GTS.
  • To explore the underlying factors of premonitory urges measured by the PUTS in adults and replicate the factor structure in children and adolescents with GTS.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and utilized a real-time urge monitor (RUM) to continuously assess urge intensity over 5 minutes using a visual analog scale in 22 adult GTS patients.
  • Administered the 10-item PUTS to adult patients and analyzed the relationship between RUM scores and PUTS scores.
  • Conducted factor analysis on the PUTS items and RUM scores in adults, and replicated the factor structure of the PUTS in 40 pediatric GTS patients.

Main Results:

  • The PUTS demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.79) in the adult sample.
  • Good convergent validity was found between average real-time urge intensity (RUM) and both the 10-item (r=0.64) and 9-item (r=0.66) versions of the PUTS.
  • Factor analysis revealed three factors: urge intensity (including RUM scores), sensory quality of urges, and subjective control. The factor structure of the PUTS was replicated in pediatric patients.

Conclusions:

  • The PUTS shows good convergent validity with objective real-time urge intensity measurements.
  • The PUTS appears to measure multiple dimensions of premonitory urges, including intensity, quality, and control.
  • Future research could develop PUTS subscales to specifically assess these distinct dimensions of urges and control in Tourette syndrome.