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Correlates of Pediatric CPAP Adherence.
Stephen M M Hawkins1,2, Emily L Jensen3,4, Stacey L Simon1,2
1Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Summary
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients show poor adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. However, female patients and those with developmental delay demonstrated better CPAP adherence rates.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Sleep Medicine
- Medical Devices
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent pediatric condition impacting upper airway function during sleep.
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is a primary treatment for pediatric OSA, aiming to reduce associated morbidity.
- Poor CPAP adherence remains a significant challenge in managing pediatric OSA, necessitating investigations into adherence factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate demographic, clinical, and comorbidity factors associated with CPAP adherence in pediatric patients with OSA.
- To identify predictors of successful CPAP use in children diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective chart review analyzed adherence data from pediatric CPAP patients over one year.
- CPAP adherence was defined as >70% nightly use and average usage ≥4 hours per night.
- Statistical analysis, including chi-squared tests, compared adherent and non-adherent groups.
Main Results:
- Nearly half of pediatric patients (49%) achieved CPAP adherence.
- Female sex (OR=2.41) and developmental delay (OR=2.55) were significantly associated with improved CPAP adherence.
- OSA severity, therapeutic pressure, and hypoxemia did not significantly influence CPAP adherence.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric CPAP adherence rates are suboptimal, highlighting a need for improved management strategies.
- Female sex and the presence of developmental delay are positive predictors of CPAP adherence in children.
- Further research is warranted to understand OSA pathophysiology and develop interventions to enhance pediatric CPAP adherence.
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