Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

64.1K
DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
64.1K
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

207.1K
Overview
207.1K
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

18.8K
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
18.8K
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

11.6K
11.6K
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

53.6K
53.6K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

4.7K
4.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Persistence of large mtDNA rearrangements linked to premature aging in Pol γ exonuclease-deficient mice.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Anatomic Zone of Safety of the Presacral Space.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Evidence that MutSβ repairs indels generated by mispair initiated template slippage.

DNA repair·2026
Same author

Nonhomologous end-joining uses distinct mechanisms to repair each strand of a double strand break.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Evidence that transient replication errors initiate nuclear genome mutations.

Nucleic acids research·2025
Same author

End Processing in NHEJ by Polymerase λ and PNKP is coordinated during short-range synapsis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

8.2K

Processing ribonucleotides incorporated during eukaryotic DNA replication.

Jessica S Williams1, Scott A Lujan1, Thomas A Kunkel1

  • 1Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
|April 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ribonucleotides in DNA cause mutations and genome instability. DNA repair pathways, including ribonucleotide excision repair, remove these, maintaining genomic integrity and preventing disease.

More Related Videos

Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA
12:35

Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA

Published on: November 14, 2017

9.9K
Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

8.2K
Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA
12:35

Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA

Published on: November 14, 2017

9.9K
Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Non-canonical nucleotides, primarily ribonucleotides, impact DNA information.
  • Ribonucleotides are frequently incorporated into DNA during replication by eukaryotic DNA polymerases.
  • Their presence can lead to mutations and DNA breaks, compromising genome stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries on ribonucleotide incorporation into DNA by major eukaryotic replicases.
  • To discuss mechanisms for ribonucleotide removal from DNA.
  • To explore the biological consequences and disease relevance of ribonucleotides in DNA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on DNA replication and repair.
  • Analysis of the roles of DNA polymerases α, δ, and ε in ribonucleotide incorporation.
  • Examination of ribonucleotide excision repair and topoisomerase I functions.

Main Results:

  • Ribonucleotide incorporation by DNA polymerases α, δ, and ε can cause short deletion mutations.
  • Accumulation of ribonucleotides in DNA leads to DNA breaks and genome instability.
  • Ribonucleotide excision repair and topoisomerase I are key pathways for their removal.

Conclusions:

  • Ribonucleotides in DNA pose a significant threat to genome stability.
  • Efficient removal mechanisms are crucial for preventing mutations and DNA breaks.
  • Defects in ribonucleotide removal may contribute to the development of diseases.