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Beyond Impervious: Urban Land-Cover Pattern Variation and Implications for Watershed Management.

Scott M Beck1, Melissa R McHale2, George R Hess2

  • 1Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8008, 2820 Faucette Blvd, 4120 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA. smbeck@ncsu.edu.

Environmental Management
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urban land-cover patterns, not just imperviousness, drive water quality variations. Understanding landscape patterns like tree and lawn distribution is crucial for effective urban watershed management.

Keywords:
GISRemote sensingUrban ecologyWater quality

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Urban Hydrology
  • Landscape Ecology

Background:

  • Impervious surfaces significantly impact urban water quality.
  • Existing models struggle to explain water quality variations in catchments with similar imperviousness levels.
  • Land-cover patterns are hypothesized to be a key factor influencing these variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze land-cover pattern variability among urban catchments with varying imperviousness.
  • To explore the implications of land-cover patterns for urban watershed management.
  • To identify how different land-cover types and their spatial arrangements influence water quality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-resolution (1 m²) land-cover data for 32 urban catchments.
  • Quantified 23 land-cover pattern and stormwater infrastructure metrics.
  • Employed hierarchical clustering to group catchments based on distinct landscape patterns.

Main Results:

  • Identified four distinct landscape pattern groups among the catchments.
  • Land-cover patch connectivity explained 40% of pattern variation; lawn and building size/shape explained 20%.
  • Stormwater infrastructure metrics accounted for 8% of the remaining variation, highlighting the importance of landscape configuration.

Conclusions:

  • Urban land-cover patterns exhibit significant variability, influencing water quality beyond impervious surface extent.
  • Trees and grass (lawns) represent divergent, important cover types in urban landscapes.
  • The complex interplay of land-cover patterns necessitates tailored approaches for effective urban watershed management.