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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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CncRNAs: RNAs with both coding and non-coding roles in development.

Karuna Sampath1, Anne Ephrussi2

  • 1Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AJ, UK K.Sampath@warwick.ac.uk ephrussi@embl.de.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|April 21, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new class of RNA molecules, coding and non-coding RNAs (cncRNAs), possess dual functions. These bi-functional molecules are crucial regulators in the developmental processes of plants and animals.

Keywords:
Bifunctional RNACncRNAsCoding RNADevelopmentNon-coding RNARegulatory RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • RNA molecules traditionally function as either protein-coding or non-coding.
  • Recent discoveries reveal a third category of RNA with dual functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging class of bi-functional coding and non-coding RNAs (cncRNAs).
  • To discuss the roles, regulation, and mechanisms of cncRNAs in development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on cncRNAs.
  • Analysis of key examples and their functions in developmental processes.

Main Results:

  • Bi-functional cncRNAs have been identified in both plant and animal systems.
  • These molecules play significant roles in various developmental stages.

Conclusions:

  • cncRNAs represent a novel layer of gene regulation.
  • Further research into cncRNAs will enhance understanding of developmental biology.