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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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Use of Arabidopsis eceriferum Mutants to Explore Plant Cuticle Biosynthesis
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STUDIES ON THE ALGAL CUTICLE(1).

L A Hanic1, J S Craigie1

  • 1Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia andAtlantic Regional Laboratory, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Journal of Phycology
|April 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Marine algae cuticles, rich in protein, were isolated and analyzed. These chemically resistant layers vary in structure and thickness across different algal groups, suggesting diverse protective roles.

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Phycology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Algal cell walls possess complex structures that provide protection and structural integrity.
  • The outermost layer, the cuticle, plays a crucial role in defense against environmental stressors.
  • Understanding the composition of algal cuticles is vital for appreciating their ecological functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize the chemically resistant cuticle fraction from various marine algae species.
  • To determine the structural composition and protein content of these cuticle fractions.
  • To compare cuticle characteristics across different algal divisions (Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae, Chlorophyceae).

Main Methods:

  • Chemical isolation using acid treatment and cupra-ammonium leaching.

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  • Microscopic analysis of cuticle structure (microfibrillar and amorphous layers).
  • Biochemical analysis to quantify protein content.

    • Main Results:

    • Cuticle fractions were successfully isolated from 17 marine algal species.
    • Structural analysis revealed layered (Cladophora, Chaetomorpha) and single-layered (Porphyra, Padina) cuticles.
    • Protein content was notably high, ranging from 70% to 80% in analyzed species.

    Conclusions:

    • Marine algal cuticles exhibit significant structural diversity and a high protein content.
    • The protein-rich nature suggests a primary role in chemical resistance and protection.
    • Further investigation into the remaining 12 species is warranted to confirm protein-rich composition.