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ESCRT Requirements for Murine Leukemia Virus Release.

Christina Bartusch1, Reinhild Prange2

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz, Mainz D-55131, Germany. bartusc@students.uni-mainz.de.

Viruses
|April 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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Murine Leukemia Virus (MLV) budding requires specific Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) factors. MLV virions and viral-like particles (VLPs) engage Tsg101 and ESCRT-III components like CHMP2A and CHMP4B for release.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Murine Leukemia Virus (MLV) is a gammaretrovirus.
  • MLV utilizes host cell machinery, specifically the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) pathway, for viral particle release (budding).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the minimal ESCRT factors essential for MLV viral and viral-like particle (VLP) release.
  • To elucidate the specific roles of ESCRT components in the MLV budding process.

Main Methods:

  • Performed an siRNA knockdown screen of ESCRT and associated proteins in MLV-producing human cells.
  • Assessed the impact of individual ESCRT factor knockdowns on VLP and virion release.

Main Results:

Keywords:
CHMP1AESCRTMLVMVB pathwayVLPsretroviral buddingviral late domain

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  • MLV viral and VLP release primarily depends on the ESCRT-I factor Tsg101 and, to a lesser extent, Nedd4-1 and Alix.
  • ESCRT-II inactivation did not affect viral egress.
  • Knockdown of ESCRT-III components CHMP2A and CHMP4B significantly inhibited VLP and virion release.
  • CHMP1A was specifically required for MLV virion budding but not VLP release.

    • Conclusions:

    • MLV employs a selective subset of ESCRT factors for viral release.
    • Distinct ESCRT-III factor requirements exist for MLV virions versus VLPs.