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FATTY ACIDS IN LOTIC PERIPHYTON: ANOTHER MEASURE OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURE(1).

C D McIntire1, I J Tinsley1, R R Lowry1

  • 1Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Agricultural Chemistry Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.

Journal of Phycology
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Periphyton communities

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Area of Science:

  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • Periphyton communities are crucial primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.
  • Fatty acid profiles can serve as biomarkers for microbial community composition and function.
  • Environmental factors like light and current influence periphyton structure and metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between periphyton community structure and fatty acid profiles.
  • To determine how environmental factors (light intensity, current velocity) affect periphyton fatty acid composition.
  • To explore the link between taxonomic differences and specific fatty acids in periphyton.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing of 6 periphyton communities under varied light and current conditions in laboratory streams.
  • Analysis of fatty acid spectra using gas-liquid chromatography and silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography.
  • Assessment of species composition and taxonomic differences within the periphyton communities.

Main Results:

  • Species composition had minimal impact on palmitic and stearic acid proportions.
  • Myristic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and C20:5 acids correlated with taxonomic differences.
  • Blue-green algae-dominated communities showed higher oleic, linolenic acids and lower palmitoleic, C20:5 acids compared to diatom-dominated communities.
  • An inverse relationship was observed between fatty acid redundancy and species diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Periphyton fatty acid profiles are sensitive indicators of taxonomic composition, particularly under varying environmental conditions.
  • Blue-green algae and diatom communities exhibit distinct fatty acid signatures.
  • Increased species diversity in periphyton may correlate with reduced fatty acid redundancy.