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Cell surface receptors for CCN proteins.

Lester F Lau1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 South Ashland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA. lflau@uic.edu.

Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling
|April 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The CCN (CYR61; CTGF; NOV; CCN1-6; WISP1-3) protein family interacts with multiple cell receptors, explaining their diverse roles in development and disease. These matricellular proteins lack a single specific receptor, instead binding various integrins and other cell surface molecules.

Keywords:
CCN proteinsIntegrinsMatricellular proteinsReceptorsSignaling

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The CCN (CYR61; CTGF; NOV; CCN1-6; WISP1-3) family comprises six homologous matricellular proteins crucial for development, inflammation, tissue repair, fibrosis, and cancer.
  • Despite extensive research, a high-affinity, CCN-specific receptor analogous to growth factor receptors has not been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the receptor-binding interactions of CCN proteins.
  • To elucidate how CCNs mediate their diverse cellular functions through multiple receptor engagements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies on CCN protein interactions.
  • Analysis of documented CCN binding partners, including integrins, proteoglycans, and other cell surface receptors.

Main Results:

  • CCN proteins bind a wide array of multi-ligand receptors, not a single specific receptor.
  • Key CCN-binding receptors include integrins (e.g., αvβ3, α5β1), heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (LRPs), and the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) receptor.
  • CCNs also interact with FGFR-2, Notch, RANK, and TrkA, potentially modulating their ligand affinities.

Conclusions:

  • The promiscuous binding of CCN proteins to multiple receptor types underlies their remarkable functional versatility.
  • CCNs engage diverse signaling pathways through these varied receptor interactions, contributing to their roles in physiological and pathological processes.