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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Microstructural white-matter abnormalities and their relationship with cognitive dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive

Paola Magioncalda1, Matteo Martino1, Benjamin A Ely2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health Section of Psychiatry University of Genoa Genoa Italy.

Brain and Behavior
|April 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients show increased white matter (WM) diffusivity, particularly in the internal capsule. This microstructural alteration correlates with cognitive deficits, suggesting functional consequences in OCD.

Keywords:
Cognitive dysfunctiondiffusion tensor imagingobsessive–compulsive disordertract‐based spatial statisticswhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies suggest white matter (WM) abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Previous findings on WM alterations in OCD are inconsistent.
  • The relationship between WM abnormalities and cognitive processes in OCD remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between white matter (WM) alterations and cognitive variables in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To explore the structural correlates of behaviorally relevant features in OCD.
  • To clarify the functional impact of microstructural WM changes in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • Compared DTI-derived fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) between 16 OCD patients and 18 healthy controls.
  • Utilized a whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) approach.
  • Correlated WM alterations with clinical and cognitive variables.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients exhibited increased MD in multiple WM tracts, including the corona radiata, superior longitudinal fasciculus, corpus callosum, and internal capsule.
  • Increased radial diffusivity (RD) was observed in several of these same WM regions.
  • Elevated MD in the internal capsule correlated with increased errors in a target detection task.

Conclusions:

  • OCD patients demonstrate heightened diffusivity in various white matter (WM) regions.
  • Microstructural WM alterations, specifically in the internal capsule, are linked to cognitive performance deficits.
  • These findings suggest that WM changes in OCD have functional implications for behavior.