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Misconceptions relating to mental retardation.

R F Antonak, C R Fiedler, J A Mulick

    Mental Retardation
    |April 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study updated a 1956 questionnaire on mental retardation misconceptions. It found differences in misconceptions between 1956 and 1986 samples, exploring respondent characteristics related to these beliefs.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Mental retardation, now referred to as intellectual disability, has historically been subject to numerous misconceptions.
    • Understanding these misconceptions is crucial for effective public health and educational interventions.
    • A 1956 questionnaire by Winthrop and Taylor aimed to identify such misconceptions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To update and re-evaluate a questionnaire on misconceptions about intellectual disability.
    • To compare misconceptions prevalent in 1956 with those in 1986.
    • To examine demographic, experimental, and contact characteristics influencing misconceptions.

    Main Methods:

    • An updated 9-item questionnaire was administered to 558 individuals from diverse backgrounds.

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  • Data from a 1986 sample were analyzed.
  • Comparisons were made between the 1956 and 1986 sample endorsement rates for each misconception.

    • Main Results:

    • The study identified specific misconceptions about intellectual disability that persisted or changed over time.
    • Demographic, experimental, and contact characteristics were found to correlate with misconception scores in the 1986 sample.
    • Significant differences were observed in the endorsement percentages of misconceptions between the 1956 and 1986 samples.

    Conclusions:

    • Misconceptions surrounding intellectual disability have evolved, necessitating updated assessment tools.
    • Respondent characteristics play a role in shaping these misconceptions.
    • Continued research and public education are vital to address and reduce intellectual disability stigma.