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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Translational Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer potential as a liquid biopsy in solid tumors.
  • Application of CTC analysis in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has been limited due to CTC heterogeneity and challenges with standard detection methods like EpCAM.
  • A novel method for identifying and characterizing non-hematopoietic cells in peripheral blood, including distinct CTC subgroups, has been developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of a new CTC profiling approach in mRCC patients.
  • To investigate the potential of CTC subgroups as biomarkers in clinical studies for mRCC.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood samples were collected from 14 mRCC patients.
  • Circulating tumor cell (CTC) profiles were analyzed using Multi-Parameter Immunofluorescence Microscopy (MPIM).
  • Expression of angiogenesis-related genes was quantified using RT-PCR.

Main Results:

  • CTC subtypes with epithelial, mesenchymal, stem cell-like, or mixed characteristics were detected.
  • The presence and quantity of N-cadherin-positive or CD133-positive CTCs were associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS).
  • An inverse correlation was observed between high expression of HIF1A, VEGFA, VEGFR, and FGFR, and the presence of N-cadherin-positive and CD133-positive CTCs.

Conclusions:

  • mRCC patients display distinct CTC profiles that may predict therapeutic outcomes.
  • Phenotypic and genetic profiling of CTCs shows promise as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in mRCC.
  • Further prospective evaluation of CTC profiling in mRCC is warranted.