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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
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Liver Histology01:27

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The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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Related Experiment Video

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In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
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MicroRNAs in hepatic pathophysiology.

Yoshiki Murakami1, Norifumi Kawada1

  • 1Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.

Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology
|April 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in liver disease pathogenesis. Analyzing circulating miRNAs shows promise for diagnosing and treating chronic liver conditions like viral hepatitis and fibrosis.

Keywords:
HBVHCCHCVbiomarkerliver fibrosismiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating crucial cellular functions.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression in hepatic tissue is linked to liver disease pathogenesis, including viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and fatty liver disease.

Conclusions:

  • miRNA analysis is valuable for understanding and managing chronic liver diseases.
  • Further research into miRNAs can lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for liver conditions.