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Chlorpyrifos and lambda cyhalothrin-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes
Farah Deeba1, Irum Raza1, Noor Muhammad1
11 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan.
Toxicology and Industrial Health
|April 23, 2016
Summary
Common insecticides chlorpyrifos (CPF) and lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) induce oxidative stress in human red blood cells. Exposure increased cell damage markers like malondialdehyde and osmotic fragility while decreasing protective enzymes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Toxicology
- Biochemistry
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Pesticides pose environmental risks, impacting non-target organisms.
- Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) are widely used insecticides.
- Understanding their effects on human cells is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro effects of CPF and LCT on oxidative stress biomarkers in human erythrocytes.
- To quantify changes in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, osmotic fragility (OF), and protein content.
Main Methods:
- Human erythrocytes were exposed to varying concentrations of CPF (0-2000 ppm) and LCT (0-800 ppm) for 1 and 3 hours at 37°C.
- Measurements included CAT and SOD activity, total protein content, MDA levels, and OF.
- Statistical analysis was performed to determine significant changes.
Main Results:
- Both CPF and LCT significantly increased MDA levels and OF in erythrocytes with higher concentrations and longer exposure times.
- Activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD were significantly decreased by both insecticides.
- CPF altered protein content in a dose-dependent manner, while LCT consistently decreased it.
Conclusions:
- CPF and LCT induce significant oxidative stress in human erythrocytes in vitro.
- These findings highlight the potential hematotoxicity of these common insecticides.
- Further research is warranted to understand the in vivo implications of these oxidative effects.
