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Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Published on: May 28, 2014

Dinickel complexes with anthyridine-based ligands.

Da-Wei Huang¹, Yi-Hung Liu¹, Shie-Ming Peng¹

¹Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan. stliu@ntu.edu.tw.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

|April 23, 2016

Summary

Two novel dinickel complexes featuring anthyridine ligands were synthesized and characterized. One complex demonstrated significant catalytic activity in reducing carboxylic acids to alcohols using diphenylsilane.

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Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

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Published on: May 28, 2014

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Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 8, 2022

Area of Science:

Coordination Chemistry
Organometallic Chemistry
Catalysis

Background:

Development of novel metal complexes for catalytic applications.
Exploration of anthyridine-based ligands in coordination chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

Synthesize and characterize new dinickel complexes with anthyridine ligands.
Evaluate the catalytic activity of these complexes in the reduction of carboxylic acids.

Main Methods:

Complexation of nickel acetate with anthyridine-based ligands.
Characterization using spectroscopic methods (e.g., NMR, IR) and X-ray crystallography.
Catalytic activity assessment for carboxylate reduction.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of two new dinickel complexes, denoted as and .
Structural elucidation confirmed NiNi distances of 5.4086(6) Å in and 5.0138(7) Å in .
Complex demonstrated notable catalytic efficiency in reducing carboxylates to alcohols.

Conclusions:

The synthesized dinickel complexes are structurally well-defined.
Complex exhibits promising catalytic performance for carboxylate reduction, highlighting potential applications in organic synthesis.