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Revision and Psychometric Testing of the Safe Administration of Medications Scale
Katherine S Bravo1, Bunny Pozehl, Kevin Kupzyk
1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
Background And Purpose:
This study describes revision and psychometric testing of the Safe Administration of Medications-Revised (SAM-R) scale.
Methods:
The SAM-R scale was revised and tested to assess Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students' readiness to safely deliver medications through simulated case studies and associated vignettes. Subjects were junior- and senior-level BSN students (N = 227) from a large Midwestern university. Both classical testing and item response theory (IRT) were used to analyze item and group results.
Results:
Face, content, and construct validity were assessed. Internal consistency reliability of the scale was .736. IRT provided item-level information, using a one-parameter logistic model, but the sample size was inadequate for testing more complex models.
Conclusion:
Evidence was obtained for reliability, face, content, and construct validity. Further revisions, and a larger sample size, are warranted.
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Pharmacovigilance
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...

