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Chronic nausea and vomiting: insights into underlying mechanisms
1Department of Internal Medicine & Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Neurogastroenterology and Motility
|April 24, 2016
Summary
Chronic nausea and vomiting involve complex brain-gut interactions and gastrointestinal factors. Understanding these mechanisms is key to diagnosing and treating these debilitating symptoms in adults.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Neurogastroenterology
Background:
- Chronic nausea and vomiting are prevalent and debilitating conditions.
- Current understanding of their mechanisms is hindered by diagnostic challenges and lack of a unifying pathophysiology.
- Multiple interacting mechanisms likely contribute to these symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence for brain-gut interactions in chronic nausea and vomiting.
- To explore the roles of gastrointestinal neurophysiologic, motor, sensory, and hormonal factors.
- To highlight key elements in the pathophysiology of chronic nausea and vomiting.
Main Methods:
- Mini-review of existing literature.
- Focus on brain-gut interactions.
- Examination of gastrointestinal functional factors.
Main Results:
- Brain-gut interactions play a significant role.
- Gastrointestinal neurophysiology, motor, sensory, and hormonal functions are implicated.
- Pylorus function and gastric emptying are potential interacting mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Chronic nausea and vomiting result from a complex interplay of factors.
- Further research is needed for less characterized mechanisms, especially in chronic conditions.
- Improved diagnostic definitions are crucial for advancing the field.
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