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Downregulation of ATM Gene and Protein Expression in Canine Mammary Tumors

T M M Raposo-Ferreira1, R C Bueno2, E M Terra1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.

Veterinary Pathology
|April 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene and protein are downregulated in canine mammary tumors. This suggests ATM

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene is crucial for DNA repair and genomic stability.
  • ATM downregulation and absence of its protein expression are linked to poor prognosis in human breast cancer.
  • ATM's role in canine mammary tumors remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ATM gene and protein expression in canine mammary tumors.
  • To determine the association between ATM expression and clinical outcomes in dogs with mammary tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of ATM gene expression using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
  • Immunohistochemistry to evaluate ATM protein expression.
  • Comparison of ATM levels in normal mammary glands, benign tumors, and nonmetastatic/metastatic carcinomas.

Main Results:

  • Lower ATM transcript levels were observed in benign mammary tumors and carcinomas compared to normal mammary glands.
  • ATM protein expression was significantly reduced in benign tumors and all grades of mammary carcinomas versus normal tissue.
  • No significant differences in ATM gene or protein levels were found among benign, nonmetastatic, and metastatic mammary carcinomas.
  • ATM expression levels did not correlate with clinical-pathological features or survival outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • ATM gene and protein downregulation occurs during canine mammary gland tumorigenesis.
  • Similar to human breast cancer, ATM alterations are implicated in the development of canine mammary tumors.
  • Further research is needed to understand the precise role of ATM in canine mammary tumor progression and prognosis.
Keywords:
ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)breast cancercanine mammary tumorcomparative oncologymetastasisprotein expression

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