Renoprotective approaches and strategies in acute kidney injury

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Renal Medicine
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent renal disease with high mortality rates.
• Numerous chemical, biological, and cell-based therapies have demonstrated potential benefits in preclinical AKI models.
• Current therapeutic strategies aim to mitigate kidney damage by addressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review existing findings on renoprotective agents and therapies for AKI.
• To propose experimental strategies for identifying clinically viable renoprotective methods.
• To advocate for combination therapy approaches targeting multiple pathways in AKI.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on AKI treatments.
• Analysis of mechanistic pathways targeted by potential renoprotective agents (e.g., oxidative stress, autophagy).
• Evaluation of strategies for translating research findings into clinical practice.

Main Results:

• Despite extensive research, no AKI treatments have been successfully translated into widespread clinical use.
• Various agents and therapies show promise in reducing kidney damage and promoting recovery.
• Mechanisms include mitigating inflammation, oxidative stress, and organellar damage, and activating cytoprotective pathways.

Conclusions:

• There is a critical need for improved strategies to translate promising AKI research into effective clinical treatments.
• Combination therapy, targeting multiple pathways simultaneously, represents a promising avenue for AKI management.
• Further experimental strategies are required to identify and validate renoprotective agents with clinical potential.