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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
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Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis
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HIV-Positive-to-HIV-Positive Liver Transplantation.

A Calmy1, C van Delden2, E Giostra3

  • 1HIV Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
|April 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organ donation from HIV-positive donors to HIV-positive recipients is safe and effective. Successful liver transplant shows undetectable viral load, supporting expanded organ donor criteria for HIV patients.

Keywords:
clinical research/practiceethics and public policyimmune deficiencyinfectious diseasepatient safety

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Area of Science:

  • Transplantation immunology
  • Virology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Organ transplantation is limited by donor shortages.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals are often excluded as organ donors due to transmission risks.
  • Switzerland permits transplantation between HIV-positive donors and recipients.

Observation:

  • A successful liver transplant was performed between an HIV-positive donor and an HIV-positive recipient.
  • Both individuals were on long-term antiretroviral therapy and had multidrug-resistant HIV strains.
  • Post-transplant follow-up showed undetectable HIV viral load for five months.

Findings:

  • The study demonstrates the feasibility of successful organ transplantation from HIV-positive donors to HIV-positive recipients.
  • Antiretroviral therapy effectively manages HIV in both donor and recipient, preventing transmission.
  • Multidrug-resistant HIV strains did not impede transplant success or patient outcomes.

Implications:

  • This case supports revising organ donation policies to include suitable HIV-positive donors.
  • Expanding the donor pool can improve transplant access for HIV-positive patients.
  • Successful transplantation highlights advancements in managing HIV and immunosuppression in transplant recipients.