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Surface Functionalization of Orthopedic Titanium Implants with Bone Sialoprotein.
Andreas Baranowski1, Anja Klein1, Ulrike Ritz1
1Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Plos One
|April 26, 2016
Summary
Bone sialoprotein (BSP) coating on orthopedic implants enhances bone formation and osseointegration. Both covalent coupling and physisorption methods are effective, with higher concentrations recommended for improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Orthopedic implant failure, particularly aseptic loosening, is a significant clinical challenge.
- Improving osseointegration at the bone-implant interface is crucial for implant stability.
- Bone sialoprotein (BSP) shows potential for enhancing bone formation on implants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate optimal BSP coating methods for titanium orthopedic implants.
- To evaluate the effect of BSP concentration and coating method on cell behavior.
- To assess BSP's impact on osseointegration markers.
Main Methods:
- Covalent coupling of BSP to titanium via APTES and physisorption.
- Comparison with untreated titanium surfaces.
- Assessment of primary human osteoblast (hOB) and L929 fibroblast functions (adhesion, proliferation, differentiation).
- Analysis of bone turnover gene expression and calcium deposition.
Main Results:
- Covalent BSP coupling reduced early cell adhesion; physisorption showed no significant difference.
- Increased cell migration with higher BSP concentrations, irrespective of coating method.
- Transient suppression of hOB proliferation observed with BSP.
- Reduced alkaline phosphatase activity but increased calcium deposition after 21 days.
- Upregulation of RUNX2 gene expression by BSP.
Conclusions:
- BSP shows promise as a surface modifier to enhance orthopedic implant osseointegration.
- Both physisorption and covalent coupling are viable methods for BSP application.
- Higher BSP concentrations are recommended for maximizing benefits, particularly calcium deposition and cell differentiation.
