Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

312
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
312
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

344
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
344
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

1.1K
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
1.1K
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

797
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
797
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

1.1K
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
1.1K
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

326
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
326

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Morphine reprograms brain-derived extracellular vesicle cargo associated with synaptic remodeling in the prefrontal cortex.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same author

Impact of the 2024 South Brazilian flood on obstetric and mental health outcomes in pregnant women.

Archives of women's mental health·2026
Same author

Craving for a Robust Methodology: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Algorithms on Substance-Use Disorders Treatment Outcomes.

International journal of mental health and addiction·2026
Same author

Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Storm Fear Questionnaire in Brazilian Pregnant Women Exposed to an Extreme Climate Event.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

Translation and Adaptation of the Online Gambling Disorder Questionnaire (OGD-Q) into Brazilian Portuguese.

Journal of gambling studies·2026
Same author

Patterns of structural brain differences in cocaine use disorder: Integrating multilevel frequentist, Bayesian, and coordinate-based meta-analyses.

Drug and alcohol dependence·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

5.3K

Crack-cocaine dependence and aging: effects on working memory.

Breno Sanvicente-Vieira1, Júlia Kommers-Molina1, Tatiana De Nardi1

  • 1Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group (GNCD), Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress (NEPTE), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)
|April 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Young adult crack-cocaine users exhibit working memory (WM) declines comparable to healthy older adults. This suggests crack cocaine use may accelerate cognitive aging processes.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
10:13

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

14.3K
A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder
07:51

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder

Published on: June 18, 2018

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

5.3K
Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
10:13

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

14.3K
A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder
07:51

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder

Published on: June 18, 2018

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) is crucial for cognitive function.
  • Aging is associated with natural declines in WM.
  • Crack-cocaine dependence is known to affect cognitive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the working memory performance of young adult crack-cocaine users, healthy older adults, and healthy young adults.
  • To investigate potential parallels between cognitive aging and crack-cocaine use.

Main Methods:

  • 77 female participants were divided into three groups: young adult crack-cocaine users (CRK, n=26), healthy older adults (HO, n=19), and healthy young adults (HC, n=32).
  • All participants completed the N-back verbal task to assess working memory.
  • Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used, controlling for education, income, and medication use.

Main Results:

  • A significant group effect was found (F6,140 = 7.192, p < 0.001).
  • Both crack-cocaine users (CRK) and healthy older adults (HO) showed reduced working memory performance compared to healthy young adults (HC) in two N-back conditions.
  • No significant difference in working memory performance was observed between the crack-cocaine users and healthy older adults groups.

Conclusions:

  • Young adult crack-cocaine users demonstrate working memory performance similar to healthy older adults.
  • These findings suggest that crack-cocaine dependence may induce cognitive declines comparable to those seen in natural aging.
  • The study highlights a potential acceleration of cognitive aging processes due to crack-cocaine use.