Investigating cell therapy for inflammatory bowel disease
Ryuichi Okamoto1, Mamoru Watanabe2
1a Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine , Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan.
Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|April 27, 2016
Summary
New cell-based therapies, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and intestinal stem cells (ISC), show promise for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by promoting healing and reducing cancer risk.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Anti-TNF-α therapies improve remission rates in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
- Mucosal healing is crucial for IBD treatment, driving development of new therapies.
- Cell-based therapies are emerging to regenerate intestinal mucosa.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review challenges and potential of cell-based therapies for IBD.
- To focus on hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and intestinal stem cells (ISC) for IBD treatment.
- To summarize and discuss current status, advantages, and disadvantages of these cell transplantations.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on cell-based therapies for IBD.
- Focus on HSC, MSC, and ISC as therapeutic candidates.
- Analysis of immunomodulatory and regenerative potentials of different cell types.
Main Results:
- HSC, MSC, and ISC exhibit varying immunomodulatory and regenerative effects.
- Combined cell therapies (e.g., MSC and ISC co-transplantation) may offer superior outcomes.
- Cell-based therapies may improve disease activity, tissue regeneration, and reduce colitis-associated cancer risk.
Conclusions:
- Cell-based therapies represent a promising frontier for IBD management.
- Harnessing stem cells (HSC, MSC, ISC) offers potential for enhanced healing and reduced complications.
- Future research should explore optimal cell combinations and transplantation strategies for IBD.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
722
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
722
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
655
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
655
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
606
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
606
01:29Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management
910
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Pharmacologic...
910
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD
602
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
602
01:30Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
1.0K
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
1.0K