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[Results of tuberculosis screening in children with household contact]

A Berraies1, B Hamdi1, J Ammar1

  • 1Pavillon B, hôpital Abderrahmen Mami, 2080 Ariana, Tunisie.

Revue De Pneumologie Clinique
|April 27, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculosis screening in children after household contact revealed a high contamination rate. Prompt diagnosis in adults is crucial to prevent childhood tuberculosis transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) screening in children is vital for early detection of latent TB infection.
  • Preventing progression from latent infection to active TB disease in pediatric populations is a public health priority.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the rate of tuberculosis infection and disease in children with household contact.
  • To identify risk factors associated with TB transmission within families.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study conducted between November 2009 and January 2013.
  • Involved 83 children presenting to a pediatric department following household exposure to tuberculosis.
  • Data collection included demographic information and TB status.

Main Results:

  • Latent TB infection was diagnosed in 31.3% of children, with active TB in 10.8%.
  • Close daytime contact (68.7%) and shared bedrooms (57.8%) were common.
  • Risk factors included diagnostic delay in the index case (>30 days), index case cavitation on chest X-ray, and close daytime contact.

Conclusions:

  • Household contact with tuberculosis leads to a significant rate of infection in children.
  • Reducing diagnostic delays in adult tuberculosis cases is essential to minimize childhood exposure and infection.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenContactDépistageEnfantLatent tuberculosisPrimo-infection tuberculeuseTuberculoseTuberculosis

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