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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
126
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

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Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
159
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose01:01

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose

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Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
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Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

145
Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
145
Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

311
Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
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Acemetacin-induced fixed drug eruption.

Filiz Cebeci1, Şirin Yaşar1, Sema Aytekin1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Indian Journal of Pharmacology
|April 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a drug reaction. This case report details a rare instance of acemetacin-induced FDE, offering clinical and histopathological insights.

Keywords:
Acemetacinfixed drug eruptionnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Dermatology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a notable adverse drug reaction.
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are common culprits.
  • Acemetacin, an NSAID prodrug of indomethacin, is used for rheumatic and musculoskeletal conditions.

Observation:

  • A 49-year-old woman developed FDE.
  • The FDE was attributed to acemetacin use.

Findings:

  • This report presents the clinical presentation of acemetacin-induced FDE.
  • Histopathological findings are detailed, contributing to understanding FDE mechanisms.
  • This represents the second reported case of FDE caused by acemetacin.

Implications:

  • Highlights acemetacin as a potential cause of FDE.
  • Contributes to the literature on drug-induced skin reactions.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding NSAID-associated adverse effects.