Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...

Visual Agnosia

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Clinical and Demographic Predictors of Optic Neuritis Subtype.

Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press)·2026

Same author

Artificial Intelligence-Based Prognostic Models for Postoperative Outcomes in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ophthalmology. Retina·2026

Same author

Visual Field Testing: The Key to Localizing Afferent Visual Pathway Lesions.

Neurologic clinics·2026

Same author

Healthcare Provider Perspectives on the Assessment and Management of Cerebral Visual Impairment in Children.

The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques·2026

Same author

Artificial Intelligence and Ocular Imaging in the Evaluation of Neurologic Disorders: The New Era of Neuro-Oculomics?

Seminars in neurology·2026

Same author

Relapse and disability outcomes in incident MOGAD patients undergoing watchful waiting after onset.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2025

Same journal

Isolated Cranial Tremors: A Reappraisal.

Seminars in neurology·2026

Same journal

Dystonia and Tremor.

Seminars in neurology·2026

Same journal

Pendular nystagmus and oculopalatal tremor.

Seminars in neurology·2026

Same journal

Sanjay Pandey, MBBS, MD, DNB, DM, FIAN, and Aasef Shaikh, MD, PhD.

Seminars in neurology·2026

Same journal

Tremor.

Seminars in neurology·2026

Same journal

Carotid Disease.

Seminars in neurology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

Vision Disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis.

Fiona Costello¹

¹Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Foothills Medical Centre, MS Clinic, Clinical Neurosciences, Calgary, Alberta.

Seminars in Neurology

|April 27, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly causes visual disturbances affecting sight and eye movements. Understanding these afferent and efferent visual pathway issues is crucial for managing MS patient quality of life.

More Related Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2017

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neurology
Neuroscience

Background:

Visual disturbances are common in multiple sclerosis (MS), impacting both vision and eye movement.
These symptoms arise from damage to the afferent (visual pathway) and efferent (eye movement control) systems.
Optic neuritis is a frequent manifestation, often leading to incomplete visual recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the spectrum of visual disturbances in multiple sclerosis.
To highlight the clinical significance of afferent and efferent visual pathway disorders in MS.
To emphasize the importance of identifying the basis of visual problems for patient care.

Main Methods:

Literature review of visual disturbances in multiple sclerosis.
Analysis of afferent visual pathway symptoms (e.g., optic neuritis, visual field defects).
Analysis of efferent visual pathway disorders (e.g., ocular misalignment, nystagmus).

Main Results:

Afferent pathway issues include optic neuritis and visual field defects.
Efferent pathway issues can cause diplopia and oscillopsia.
Vision loss significantly affects the quality of life for MS patients.

Conclusions:

Visual disturbances are a major challenge in multiple sclerosis management.
Accurate diagnosis of the underlying visual pathway lesion is essential.
Effective management of visual symptoms can improve patient quality of life.