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Related Concept Videos

Viscosity01:27

Viscosity

80
Viscosity is a property of fluids that measures their resistance to flow. It is influenced by factors such as the surface area of contact, the gradient of flow speed, and the fluid's viscosity constant, called the coefficient of viscosity. The coefficient of viscosity, also known as dynamic viscosity, is denoted by the symbol η. It determines the proportionality between the viscous force and the gradient of flow speed.Newton's law of viscosity states that the viscous force on a...
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Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

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When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
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Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

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Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
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Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

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Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Types of Fluids01:27

Types of Fluids

1.2K
Fluids can be classified into Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on their response to shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a linear relationship between shear stress and the shear strain rate, following Newton's law of viscosity. Their viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate, making their behavior predictable and easier to analyze. Common examples include water, air, oil, and gasoline.
In contrast, non-Newtonian fluids do not follow Newton's law of viscosity, and...
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Scale-Dependent Viscosity in Polymer Fluids.

Alexander Y Grosberg1,2, Jean-François Joanny3,2, Watee Srinin1

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|April 28, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study maps polymer fluid viscosity regimes using physical arguments. It reveals distinct behaviors for various polymer types and conditions, aiding in understanding complex fluid dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer physics
  • Rheology
  • Soft matter science

Background:

  • Understanding the frequency and wave vector-dependent viscosity of polymer fluids is crucial for predicting their flow behavior.
  • Different polymer architectures and solution conditions (e.g., entanglement, hydrodynamic interactions, ring polymers) exhibit distinct rheological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive phase diagram illustrating the regimes of effective viscosity for diverse polymer fluids.
  • To elucidate the influence of frequency, wave vector, and polymer characteristics on fluid viscosity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing simple physical arguments to derive theoretical relationships.
  • Constructing a phase diagram based on these arguments to delineate different viscosity regimes.

Main Results:

  • Identification of distinct frequency and wave vector-dependent viscosity regimes for various polymer fluid systems.
  • Characterization of the effective viscosity for nonentangled and entangled polymer melts.
  • Analysis of semidilute solutions with and without hydrodynamic interactions, and melts of unconcatenated ring polymers.

Conclusions:

  • The constructed phase diagram provides a unified framework for understanding polymer fluid rheology across different systems.
  • Simple physical arguments can effectively capture complex rheological behaviors in polymer fluids.
  • This work offers insights into the viscoelastic properties of a wide range of polymer fluids.