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Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
Published on: September 13, 2018
Transcriptome analysis of interactions between silkworm and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus
Liang Jiang1, Zhengwen Peng1, Youbing Guo1
1State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) specifically infects silkworm midgut (MG) and multiplication occurs mainly in posterior midgut (PM). In this study, MG and fat body (FB) were extracted at 0, 3, 24, and 72 h after BmCPV infection. The total sequence reads of each sample were more than 1510000, and the mapping ratio exceeded 95.3%. Upregulated transcripts increased in MG during the infection process. Gene ontology (GO) categories showed that antioxidants were all upregulated in FB but not in MG. BGI001299, BGI014434, BGI012068, and BGI009201 were MG-specific genes with transmembrane transport function, the expression of which were induced by BmCPV. BGI001299, BGI014434, and BGI012068 expressed in entire MG and may be involved in BmCPV invasion. BGI009201 expressed only in PM and may be necessary for BmCPV proliferation. BmPGRP-S2 and BGI012452 (a putative serine protease) were induced by BmCPV and may be involved in immune defense against BmCPV. The expression level of BmCPV S1, S2, S3, S6, and S7 was high and there was no expression of S9 in MG 72 h, implying that the expression time of structural protein coding genes is earlier. These results provide insights into the mechanism of BmCPV infection and host defense.
Insights
Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) infection in silkworms primarily affects the midgut. This study identified key genes involved in viral invasion, proliferation, and host immune response, offering insights into BmCPV pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Insect Pathology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) is a significant pathogen affecting silkworms, primarily targeting the midgut.
- Viral replication is concentrated in the posterior midgut, but the molecular mechanisms of infection and host response are not fully elucidated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the transcriptomic changes in silkworm midgut and fat body following BmCPV infection.
- To identify host genes involved in BmCPV invasion, replication, and immune defense.
Main Methods:
- Comparative transcriptomic analysis of silkworm midgut and fat body tissues at different time points post-BmCPV infection.
- High-throughput sequencing and data analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and pathways.
Main Results:
- Upregulation of numerous transcripts in the midgut during BmCPV infection.
- Identification of specific midgut genes with transmembrane transport functions induced by BmCPV, potentially mediating viral entry and proliferation.
- Upregulation of antioxidant genes in the fat body, contrasting with the midgut response.
- Induction of BmPGRP-S2 and a putative serine protease, suggesting a role in antiviral immunity.
- Differential expression patterns of BmCPV structural protein genes.
Conclusions:
- The study elucidates key host genes and pathways involved in BmCPV infection dynamics.
- Identified genes like BGI009201 are crucial for viral proliferation in the posterior midgut.
- BmPGRP-S2 and serine proteases play a role in the silkworm's immune defense against BmCPV.
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