Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

3.4K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
3.4K
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

2.9K
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
2.9K
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

272
Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
272
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.5K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.5K
Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory01:15

Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory

821
Correspondent inference theory, proposed by Jones and Davis in 1965, seeks to explain how individuals infer stable personality traits from observed behaviors. It suggests that people attribute actions to underlying dispositions rather than external circumstances, particularly when the behavior appears intentional and socially significant.Voluntary Behavior and Dispositional AttributionAccording to this theory, individuals are more likely to attribute behavior to personal traits when it appears...
821
Cognition and Behavior01:23

Cognition and Behavior

440
Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
440

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fitting predictive coding to the neurophysiological data.

Brain research·2019
Same author

A Hierarchical Predictive Coding Model of Object Recognition in Natural Images.

Cognitive computation·2017
Same author

A review of predictive coding algorithms.

Brain and cognition·2016
Same author

Classification using sparse representations: a biologically plausible approach.

Biological cybernetics·2013
Same author

A single functional model of drivers and modulators in cortex.

Journal of computational neuroscience·2013
Same author

Predictive coding accounts for V1 response properties recorded using reverse correlation.

Biological cybernetics·2012
Same journal

Higher- and lower-level processing in strategic reading: Reconceptualising the Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS).

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

More caution or more lenient: deciphering the role of negative affect in recognition and inference.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

Cognitive offloading, critical thinking and attitudes towards artificial intelligence in the era of ChatGPT: a comparative study of artificial intelligence-assisted and manual task performance in young adults.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

Emojis vs. black-and-white and colored drawings: comparing living and non-living things in oral naming.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

The impact of facial expressions on space- and object-based attention by gaze cues.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

Feature interaction in metaphor aptness: the impact of topic-and-vehicle applicable features and semantic distances.

Cognitive processing·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Closed-loop Neuro-robotic Experiments to Test Computational Properties of Neuronal Networks
11:18

Closed-loop Neuro-robotic Experiments to Test Computational Properties of Neuronal Networks

Published on: March 2, 2015

10.9K

Predictive coding as a model of cognition.

M W Spratling1

  • 1Department of Informatics, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK. michael.spratling@kcl.ac.uk.

Cognitive Processing
|April 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates that predictive coding, a theory of brain function, can simulate complex cognitive abilities like categorization and reasoning. This unified framework models both perception and cognition, advancing our understanding of the brain.

Keywords:
Behavioural controlCategorisationCognitionNaive physicsPerceptionReadingReasoningWord-superiority effect

More Related Videos

Decoding Natural Behavior from Neuroethological Embedding
08:00

Decoding Natural Behavior from Neuroethological Embedding

Published on: October 3, 2025

849
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Closed-loop Neuro-robotic Experiments to Test Computational Properties of Neuronal Networks
11:18

Closed-loop Neuro-robotic Experiments to Test Computational Properties of Neuronal Networks

Published on: March 2, 2015

10.9K
Decoding Natural Behavior from Neuroethological Embedding
08:00

Decoding Natural Behavior from Neuroethological Embedding

Published on: October 3, 2025

849
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Predictive coding (PC) successfully explains low-level perception.
  • PC is hypothesized to account for higher-level cognitive functions.
  • A unified computational framework for perception and cognition is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate PC's ability to simulate high-level cognitive phenomena.
  • To present a unified computational model for both perceptual and cognitive brain function.
  • To support the view that PC underlies a wide range of brain processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Predictive Coding/Bayesian Causal Inference Dynamic Interaction Model (PC/BC-DIM) algorithm.
  • Simulated phenomena including categorization, abstract knowledge influence on perception, recall, reasoning, context-dependent behavior, and naive physics.
  • Extended previous simulations of low-level perception and neural mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Successfully simulated diverse cognitive phenomena using the PC/BC-DIM model.
  • Demonstrated PC's capacity to model abstract knowledge influencing perception.
  • Showcased the model's ability to simulate reasoning and context-dependent behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Predictive coding provides a unified framework for modeling both perceptual and cognitive functions.
  • The PC/BC-DIM algorithm offers a robust platform for simulating complex brain operations.
  • This work supports the broad applicability of predictive coding across different levels of brain function.