Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 31, 2026
Facial Transplants in Xenopus laevis Embryos
Published on: March 26, 2014
[Anatomic, functional and identity results after clitoris transposition]
S Abramowicz1, S Oden2, G Dietrich2
1Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Delafontaine, 2, rue du Docteur-De Lafontaine, 93500 Saint-Denis, France.
Objectives:
Every year 3 millions of young women had undergone female genital mutilation. The psychological, identical and sexual consequences, as well as the treatment were described only recently. After a sociodemographic and cultural reminder, we analyze the anatomical, psychological, identital, and functional results of the reconstructive surgery.
Patients And Methods:
We conducted a retrospective monocentric study. Thirty women were included in our series. All the patients operated according to the technique of Pierre Foldes were contacted again, to estimate their motivations for this surgery and study the results on femininity, anatomy, psychology and functionality of this intervention.
Results:
Twenty-six women were able to be estimated in the long term. Their main motivation was in 77% of the cases the research for a feminine identity. We compared the pre- and postoperative results, as well as different predefined under groups. The results shown a significant improvement between the pre- and the postoperative estimation for each of the items. The patients indicate an improvement: anatomical in 96% of the cases, for identity in 88% of the cases, psychological in 96% of the cases, and for sexuality in 88% of the cases.
Discussion And Conclusion:
This technique allows an improvement for anatomy and functionality but also for physical image, well-being and feminity.
