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Associations Between Sleep Quality and Migraine Frequency: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study
Yu-Kai Lin1, Guan-Yu Lin, Jiunn-Tay Lee
1From the Department of Neurology (Y-KL, G-YL, J-TL, C-KT, Y-WH, F-CY), Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; and School of Public Health (M-SL, Y-ZL, Y-CT), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Medicine
|April 29, 2016
Summary
High migraine frequency is linked to poor sleep quality and more frequent sleep disturbances in individuals with and without aura. This highlights a significant correlation between headache burden and sleep health.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Migraine is frequently associated with sleep disturbances, yet the precise relationship between sleep quality and migraine frequency remains unclear.
- Understanding this link is crucial for developing targeted interventions for migraineurs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sleep disturbances in individuals experiencing low, moderate, high, and chronic migraine frequencies.
- To examine these disturbances in both migraine with aura and migraine without aura subtypes.
- To control for confounding variables in assessing the migraine-sleep quality relationship.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional controlled study involving 357 participants from a Taiwanese outpatient headache clinic.
- Utilized standardized questionnaires to gather data on demographics, migraine characteristics, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI), depression, anxiety, and restless leg syndrome.
- Employed multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses to explore the association between migraine frequency and sleep quality.
Main Results:
- Patients with high-frequency migraine reported the highest PSQI scores (10.0 ± 3.4), significantly more than controls (7.0 ± 3.4).
- Migraine frequency independently impacted difficulty falling asleep, nighttime awakenings, bad dreams, pain perception, and overall sleep quality.
- A significant trend of worsening sleep quality was observed with increasing migraine frequency in both aura-present (P for trend = 0.008) and aura-absent (P for trend = 0.011) groups.
Conclusions:
- Higher migraine frequency is independently associated with poorer sleep quality and a greater prevalence of poor sleepers.
- These findings apply to both migraine with aura and migraine without aura, underscoring the bidirectional relationship between migraine and sleep.
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