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Validity and repeatability of goniometry in normal horses.

Henry S Adair, Denis J Marcellin-Little1, David Levine

  • 1Denis J. Marcellin-Little, Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1052 William Moore Dr., Raleigh, NC 27607, United States,

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology : V.C.O.T
|April 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Equine goniometry is a valid and reliable method for measuring joint range of motion. This study establishes normal values for carpal, metacarpophalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joints in horses.

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Area of Science:

  • Equine biomechanics
  • Veterinary orthopedics

Background:

  • Accurate range of motion (ROM) assessment is crucial for diagnosing equine lameness and evaluating treatment efficacy.
  • Goniometry is a common tool, but its validity and reliability in horses require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the validity and reliability of goniometry for assessing equine joint ROM.
  • To establish reference values for carpal, metacarpophalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joint flexion and extension in healthy horses.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen healthy horses of various breeds were sedated.
  • Three investigators independently performed triplicate goniometric measurements of carpal, metacarpophalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joints.
  • Radiographs were taken of the joints in flexion and extension.
Keywords:
Horsegoniometryjoint

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  • Goniometric and radiographic measurements were statistically compared and correlated.
  • Inter- and intra-tester reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

    • Main Results:

    • Goniometric and radiographic measurements showed significant correlation (0.59-0.89) and no statistical difference (mean difference 0.4°).
    • High inter-tester reliability (ICC 0.942-0.989) and intra-tester reliability (ICC 0.950-0.995) were observed.
    • Mean flexion and extension values for the evaluated joints were calculated.

    Conclusions:

    • Equine goniometry is a valid and repeatable method for evaluating the range of motion of key limb joints.
    • The findings support the use of goniometry as a reliable diagnostic tool in equine practice.
    • Established reference values aid in the objective assessment of equine joint mobility.