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Chromatin changes predict recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Tarjei S Hveem1,2,3, Andreas Kleppe1,2,3, Ljiljana Vlatkovic4

  • 1Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo NO-0424, Norway.

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|April 29, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method called Nucleotyping, which analyzes chromatin organization, effectively predicts prostate cancer recurrence after surgery. This objective approach improves risk stratification for patients, especially those with high-risk features or Gleason score 7.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Pathological evaluations are key prognostic markers for prostate cancer patients post-radical prostatectomy, but suffer from significant observer variance.
  • Objective methods are needed to supplement current risk assessments and identify patients at increased risk of recurrence.
  • Epigenetic aberrations, assessed via chromatin organization analysis, show promise as objective biomarkers in various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel, objective marker for predicting recurrence in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy.
  • To assess the ability of automatic analysis of chromatin organization to improve risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 317 prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy between 1987 and 2005 were analyzed.
  • Multiple tumor samples per patient were used to address tumor heterogeneity.
  • A novel marker, Nucleotyping, was developed based on automatic assessment of disordered chromatin organization.

Main Results:

  • Nucleotyping significantly predicted recurrence with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.3 (95% CI, 2.1-5.1), even after adjusting for clinical and pathological factors (HR 2.5; 95% CI, 1.5-4.1).
  • Updated risk stratification using Nucleotyping significantly improved concordance with patient outcomes compared to existing methods (P<0.001).
  • The prognostic impact was particularly notable in high-risk patients and those with Gleason score 7.

Conclusions:

  • A novel epigenetic aberration assessment, Nucleotyping, effectively improves risk stratification for prostate cancer patients post-radical prostatectomy.
  • This objective method offers a valuable supplement to traditional pathological evaluations for predicting recurrence.