Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electron Behavior01:09

Electron Behavior

14.1K
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles attracted to and orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in spaces associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into subshells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus have less energy,...
14.1K
Electron Behavior00:54

Electron Behavior

110.8K
Overview
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that are attracted to an orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in locations that are associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into sub-shells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the...
110.8K
Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field01:13

Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field

6.0K
For a system of charges, it is easy to calculate the system's potential because potential is a scalar quantity. However, in some instances where calculating the electric field is more straightforward than finding the potential, the electric field is used to calculate the system's potential. For a positive charge, the electric field is radially outward, and the potential is positive at any finite distance from the positive charge. In such an electric field, the motion away from the...
6.0K
Calculations of Electric Potential II01:27

Calculations of Electric Potential II

2.5K
An electric dipole is a system of two equal but opposite charges, separated by a fixed distance. This system is used to model many real-world systems, including atomic and molecular interactions. One of these systems is the water molecule, but only under certain circumstances. These circumstances are met inside a microwave oven, where electric fields with alternating directions make the water molecules change orientation. This vibration is equivalent to heat at the molecular level.
Consider a...
2.5K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

61.0K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
61.0K
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

892
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
892

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Survivin, the promising target in hepatocellular carcinoma gene therapy.

Cancer biology & therapy·2008
Same author

Curcumin protects dopaminergic neuron against LPS induced neurotoxicity in primary rat neuron/glia culture.

Neurochemical research·2008
Same author

Cellular mechanisms of reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content in L-thyroxin induced rat ventricular hypertrophy.

Acta pharmacologica Sinica·2008
Same author

Promoting the formation and stabilization of G-quadruplex by dinuclear RuII complex Ru2(obip)L4.

Inorganic chemistry·2008
Same author

Identification of direct target genes using joint sequence and expression likelihood with application to DAF-16.

PloS one·2008
Same author

In vitro and in vivo investigations on the antiviral activity of a series of mixed-valence rare earth borotungstate heteropoly blues.

European journal of medicinal chemistry·2008

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.1K

Pumping Electron-Positron Pairs from a Well Potential.

Qiang Wang1, Jie Liu1,2,3, Li-Bin Fu1,2,3

  • 1National Laboratory of Science and Technology on Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China.

Scientific Reports
|April 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found that oscillating a deep potential well can continuously create electron-positron pairs from vacuum. This method breaks saturation limits, enabling inexhaustible particle production with quantized pair numbers.

More Related Videos

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
10:42

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

Published on: May 3, 2019

7.4K
Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

6.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.1K
Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
10:42

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

Published on: May 3, 2019

7.4K
Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

6.7K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum field theory
  • Particle physics
  • Non-perturbative quantum electrodynamics

Background:

  • Deep potential wells can induce spontaneous electron occupation and pair creation via non-perturbative tunneling.
  • Static super-critical wells exhibit saturation in particle production.
  • Controlling potential well dynamics is key to manipulating particle creation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of oscillating potential well parameters on electron-positron pair production.
  • To break the saturation limit of particle creation in static wells.
  • To explore methods for inexhaustible particle generation from vacuum.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating particle dynamics in a time-dependent potential well.
  • Employing non-perturbative tunneling theory.
  • Analyzing population transfer channels by oscillating well width or depth.
  • Investigating the adiabatic limit for quantized pair production.

Main Results:

  • Oscillating the potential well parameters periodically opens and closes population transfer channels.
  • Non-synchronous particle ejections overcome saturation in static wells.
  • Achieved inexhaustible electron-positron pair production from vacuum at a constant rate.
  • Demonstrated quantized final pair numbers in the adiabatic limit, dependent on the oscillating boundary.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic control of potential wells offers a novel route to continuous particle creation from vacuum.
  • The proposed method effectively bypasses saturation phenomena observed in static systems.
  • Quantized pair production in the adiabatic limit provides insights into bound state dynamics and critical thresholds.