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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Fabrication of Mechanically Tunable and Bioactive Metal Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

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Published on: December 8, 2015

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants.

Sophie C Cox¹, Parastoo Jamshidi², Neil M Eisenstein³

¹School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications

|April 30, 2016

Summary

Additive manufacturing enables new implant functions. Researchers created titanium implants with antibiotic reservoirs and channels, demonstrating effective delivery against common bone infection bacteria.

Keywords:

Additive manufacturing Antibiotic Calcium phosphate cement Drug delivery Implant Selective laser melting Titanium

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Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo

Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo

Published on: July 1, 2013

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Medical Device Design
Additive Manufacturing

Background:

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers design flexibility for patient-specific implants.
Current treatments for periprostrosthetic infections are limited.
AM can potentially integrate new functionalities into implants.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of AM to create titanium implants with integrated antibiotic delivery capabilities.
To assess the mechanical properties and antibiotic release of a novel implant system.
To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy against common periprosthetic pathogens.

Main Methods:

Selective laser melting used to fabricate Ti-6Al-4V implants with reservoirs and pore channels.
Formulation of an injectable brushite calcium phosphate cement (CPC) as an antibiotic carrier for gentamicin.
Characterization of CPC mechanical strength, gentamicin release kinetics (UV-Vis spectroscopy), and implant porosity (micro-CT).
Assessment of antibacterial efficacy using agar diffusion assays against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Main Results:

AM successfully produced titanium implants with functional reservoirs and pore channels.
Gentamicin incorporation significantly improved CPC compressive strength (p=0.01).
Controlled release of gentamicin from CPC was observed, exceeding minimum inhibitory concentrations for target bacteria within 6 hours.
Implant pore channel orientation affected design reproducibility, injection back-pressure, and porosity.
Antibacterial efficacy demonstrated, with inhibition zone directionality influenced by pore channel orientation.

Conclusions:

Additive manufacturing can produce titanium-based antibiotic-eluting implants.
This technology presents a promising alternative to current strategies for managing periprosthetic infections.
The developed implant system shows potential for localized, sustained antibiotic delivery to combat implant-associated bacterial infections.