Preparation Methods for Improving PEEK's Bioactivity for Orthopedic and Dental Application: A Review

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Orthopedic Engineering
• Dental Materials

Background:

• Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is favored for orthopedic and dental implants due to its mechanical properties and radiolucency.
• However, PEEK's bioinertness hinders optimal integration with surrounding bone and tissues.
• Enhancing PEEK's bioactivity is crucial for improved implant performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze various preparation methods for enhancing the bioactivity of PEEK.
• To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of current techniques for creating bioactive PEEK implants.
• To identify the need for a single, optimized method for producing PEEK implants with superior mechanical and bioactive properties.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies focusing on surface modification and composite fabrication of PEEK.
• Analysis of preparation techniques aimed at improving PEEK's osteoconductivity and cell adhesion.
• Comparative assessment of reported methods based on achieved bioactivity and preservation of mechanical integrity.

Main Results:

• Various surface treatments and composite incorporation strategies have shown potential in increasing PEEK bioactivity.
• Existing methods present trade-offs between enhanced bioactivity and potential compromise of PEEK's inherent mechanical strength.
• A unified, efficient preparation method for bioactive PEEK implants remains a significant challenge.

Conclusions:

• Significant progress has been made in developing bioactive PEEK, yet challenges in achieving optimal, integrated properties persist.
• Further research is needed to develop a standardized, single-step preparation method for bioactive PEEK implants.
• Optimized bioactive PEEK holds great potential for advancing orthopedic and dental implantology.