Relationship Between Orthodontics and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Prospective Study

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics
• Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)
• Dental Research

Background:

• Class II malocclusion is a common dental issue requiring orthodontic intervention.
• Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) involve pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint.
• The potential link between orthodontic treatment and TMD development requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the relationship between orthodontic treatment for Class II malocclusion and the onset of TMD.
• To assess the impact of bilateral Class II elastics on orofacial pain and jaw mobility.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 40 patients undergoing Class II malocclusion treatment was assessed.
• Data collection occurred at four time points: pre-treatment, and 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month post-treatment initiation.
• Orofacial pain complaints and mouth opening range were evaluated using statistical tests (Shapiro-Wilk, McNemar, Friedman).

Main Results:

• Temporary, moderate orofacial pain was observed but did not significantly change from baseline after one month.
• No significant restrictions in jaw motion or mouth opening were detected during the study period.
• The orthodontic treatment did not lead to lasting orofacial pain or impaired jaw function.

Conclusions:

• Orthodontic treatment utilizing bilateral Class II elastics for Class II malocclusion is not associated with significant induction of TMD.
• This orthodontic method does not appear to cause significant orofacial pain or detrimental changes in mouth opening range.
• The findings suggest that this orthodontic approach is safe concerning TMD development and jaw mobility.