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Body Mass Index Change between Pregnancies and Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth
K L Riley1, S L Carmichael1, J A Mayo1
1Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
American Journal of Perinatology
|April 30, 2016
Summary
Obesity did not increase spontaneous preterm birth risk in multiparous women. However, an increased body mass index (BMI) between pregnancies was linked to a lower risk of late preterm birth.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Reproductive Health
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Previous studies indicate elevated prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) increases spontaneous preterm birth risk in nulliparous, but not multiparous, women.
- The impact of body mass index (BMI) and weight changes between pregnancies on preterm birth risk in obese multiparous women remains underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) changes and weight changes between pregnancies and the risk of preterm birth among obese multiparous women.
- To determine if obesity itself, or changes in BMI/weight, influences spontaneous preterm birth risk in multiparous women.
Main Methods:
- Utilized California birth records for sequential singleton births (2007-2010).
- Defined preterm birth as 20-31 or 32-36 weeks gestation.
- Analyzed body mass index (BMI) category changes and tertiles of weight change, excluding women with diabetes or hypertensive disorders.
Main Results:
- Obesity was not associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth in multiparous women.
- Women with an increased body mass index (BMI) between pregnancies showed a decreased risk of spontaneous preterm birth between 32 to 36 weeks gestation.
- Changes in body mass index (BMI) or weight between pregnancies did not significantly alter these findings.
Conclusions:
- Among multiparous women, obesity is associated with a reduced risk of spontaneous preterm delivery.
- This complex association may be influenced by factors including maternal age, gestational age, placental insufficiency, and altered immune responses.
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