Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

65.2K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
65.2K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

7.3K
7.3K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

7.3K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
7.3K
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

6.9K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
6.9K
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

44.8K
Overview
44.8K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

10.8K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
10.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multifaceted roles of PDS5B in RAD51-dependent homology-directed DNA repair and replication fork protection.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Structural insight into how RAD51 paralog exchange regulates RAD51 filament formation.

Nature structural & molecular biology·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Structural insights into BCDX2 complex function in homologous recombination.

Nature·2026
Same author

Lineage-specific amino acids define functional attributes of the protomer-protomer interfaces for the Rad51 and Dmc1 recombinases.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

Structural basis for Rad54- and Hed1-mediated regulation of Rad51 during the transition from mitotic to meiotic recombination.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

ATP hydrolysis-driven structural transitions within the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51 and Dmc1 nucleoprotein filaments.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same journal

Isotope-Edited ESEEM: A New Method for Probing Copper Binding Sites in Neurodegenerative Proteins.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Introduction to the Thematic Review Series on Intracellular Protein Degradation. The ubiquitous biology of intracellular protein degradation: a tribute to Alfred L. ("Fred") Goldberg.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Correction: Aromatic residue-rich amino-terminal segments of temporin L self-assemble into collagen-mimetic peptides with cell-adhesion properties.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

YhbO is a DJ-1 family glyoxalase and α-oxoaldehyde hydratase that confers resistance to reactive carbonyl stress (112).

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

ARMH3 acts as a central scaffold at the Golgi/TGN through interactions with Arl5, GBF1, and PI4KB.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

PAX8 controls proximal tubule epithelial identity and stress response through epigenetic modification of distal regulatory elements.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
07:55

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 11, 2022

2.3K

DNA Sequence Alignment during Homologous Recombination.

Eric C Greene1

  • 1From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032 ecg2108@cumc.columbia.edu.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|April 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Homologous recombination uses a homology search to repair DNA double-strand breaks by aligning genetic sequences. A new model explains this alignment through DNA transfer, sliding, and microhomology recognition.

Keywords:
DNA recombinationDNA repairDmc1Rad51RecAbiochemistrybiophysicshomologous recombinationhomology searchsingle-molecule biophysics

More Related Videos

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy
11:40

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy

Published on: June 25, 2013

12.5K
Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
07:55

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 11, 2022

2.3K
Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy
11:40

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy

Published on: June 25, 2013

12.5K
Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Homologous recombination (HR) is crucial for repairing DNA double-strand breaks.
  • HR involves precise alignment of homologous DNA sequences.
  • This alignment process is known as the homology search.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review early and recent research on the homology search mechanism.
  • To propose a comprehensive model for DNA sequence alignment during HR.
  • To suggest future research directions for understanding the homology search.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of early and recent investigations into homology search.
  • Synthesis of findings to develop a mechanistic model.
  • Identification of key processes involved in DNA sequence alignment.

Main Results:

  • A model integrating intersegmental transfer, 1D sliding, and microhomology recognition.
  • This model explains efficient DNA sequence alignment during the homology search.
  • The model combines multiple mechanisms for precise DNA targeting.

Conclusions:

  • The homology search is a complex process involving coordinated DNA interactions.
  • The proposed model provides a framework for understanding DNA repair and genetic exchange.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the intricacies of the homology search mechanism.