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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
Published on: August 26, 2025
Paradoxical embolism via a sinus venosus atrial septal defect causing an inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial
Crochan John O'Sullivan1, Juan Getulio Andras Magarzo1, Alain Marcel Bernheim1
1Department of Cardiology, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Cerebrovascular accidents constitute the most frequent clinical manifestation of paradoxical embolism. However, it is becoming increasingly recognised that acute myocardial infarction is also an important and potentially life-threatening clinical manifestation of paradoxical embolism. Various intracardiac or pulmonary shunts can provide a convenient conduit for an embolus to traverse from the venous vasculature into the systemic circulation with potentially devastating consequences. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman presenting with chest pain and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who ultimately was found to have a sinus venosus atrial septal defect associated with both partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and a persistent left superior vena cava.
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