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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Related Experiment Video

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Non-invasive Skeletal Muscle Quantification in Small Animals Using Micro-computed Tomography
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Measuring the musculoskeletal aging phenotype.

Alice Dawson1, Elaine Dennison2

  • 1MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK.

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|May 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The global population is aging, increasing the burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases like osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and frailty in older adults. Accurate measurement is key to managing these conditions and improving quality of life.

Keywords:
AgingFrailtyOsteoarthritisOsteoporosisSarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
  • Rheumatology and Orthopedics
  • Public Health and Epidemiology

Background:

  • The global population aged over sixty years is projected to exceed 2 billion by 2050, presenting a significant demographic shift.
  • Musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases represent a substantial health burden in older adults, contributing 7.5% to the disease burden in those over 60.
  • MSK conditions profoundly impact independence, disability, and quality of life in later years, necessitating detailed examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the musculoskeletal aging phenotype, focusing on four key interwoven elements: osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and frailty.
  • To examine the tools used for accurately measuring these MSK conditions in the aging population.
  • To identify areas where further research is needed for better risk identification and therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on the measurement of the musculoskeletal aging phenotype.
  • It compares existing tools and methodologies for assessing osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and frailty.
  • The review highlights the current state of research and evolving fields within MSK aging.

Main Results:

  • The musculoskeletal aging phenotype includes osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and frailty, which are often interconnected.
  • Accurate measurement is critical for documenting disease burden and identifying risk factors.
  • Progress in measurement varies, with osteoporosis being more advanced than rapidly evolving areas like sarcopenia.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding and accurately measuring the musculoskeletal aging phenotype is crucial for addressing the growing health challenges of an aging global population.
  • Improved measurement tools will aid in identifying at-risk individuals and designing effective therapeutic interventions.
  • Further research is essential, particularly in rapidly developing areas like sarcopenia, to mitigate the impact of MSK diseases on aging individuals.