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Backpack-back pain complexity and the need for multifactorial safe weight recommendation.

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School children

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Biomechanics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Back pain is a prevalent issue among school children, with multifactorial causes often leading to inconclusive research findings.
  • Existing recommendations for backpack load (10-15% of body weight) may not account for individual variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex interactions among factors contributing to backpack-related back pain in schoolchildren.
  • To explore the influence of anthropometry, posture, backpack characteristics, and body mass index on back pain.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods design involving surveys, observations, and direct measurements in 444 prepubescent schoolchildren.
  • Multivariate structural equation modeling to analyze interactions between key constructs (anthropometry, posture, backpack load, pain).
  • Regression analysis to assess the impact of age and body mass index alongside established load recommendations.

Main Results:

  • The developed model showed acceptable fit, indicating significant direct and indirect effects of the investigated factors.
  • Obese children were identified as a subgroup requiring specific load recommendations.
  • A key finding suggests obese children should carry approximately one-third less backpack load than their peers.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple interacting factors contribute to backpack-related back pain in school children.
  • Tailored backpack load recommendations, considering body mass index, are crucial for preventing pain.
  • The study highlights the importance of systematic, multi-strategy approaches for understanding and addressing this health issue.