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Hyperuricaemia - A Potential Indicator to Diagnose the Risk of Essential Hypertension

Chanchal Shrivastav1, Manjinder Kaur2, M L Suhalka3

  • 1Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital , Udaipur, Rajasthan, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|May 3, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Hyperuricaemia, a treatable risk factor, is significantly associated with Essential Hypertension (EHT). Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels indicate a higher risk for developing EHT, suggesting its utility in early detection.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity from lifestyle diseases.
  • Hyperuricaemia is independently associated with early hypertension in human and animal models.
  • Hyperuricaemia is a modifiable risk factor that may decrease Essential Hypertension (EHT) incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hyperuricaemia and EHT in Southern Rajasthan.
  • To address the lack of literature on this topic in the Indian context, particularly Rajasthan.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, case-control study involving 125 subjects (aged 20-50).
  • Two groups were formed: 75 newly diagnosed EHT cases (Group A) and 50 healthy normotensive controls (Group B).
  • Serum Uric Acid (SUA), serum creatinine, and fasting blood glucose levels were measured; data analyzed using t-test, chi-square, and Odds Ratio.

Main Results:

  • Mean SUA levels were significantly higher in the EHT group (6.56 ± 0.76 mg/dl) compared to controls (4.91 ± 0.97 mg/dl) (p<0.001).
  • Hyperuricaemia prevalence was 37.33% in EHT patients versus 14% in controls (p<0.01).
  • Individuals with hyperuricaemia had a 3.66 times higher risk of developing EHT (OR=3.66).

Conclusions:

  • Both mean SUA levels and hyperuricaemia frequency were significantly elevated in newly diagnosed EHT cases.
  • Serum uric acid (SUA) may serve as a valuable indicator for the early detection of EHT risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Preclinical hyperuricaemiaPrimary hypertensionSerum uric acidSouthern Rajasthan

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