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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
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Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention

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[Bone Conduction and Active Middle Ear Implants].

S Volkenstein1, J P Thomas1, S Dazert1

  • 1Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum am St. Elisabeth-Hospital Bochum (Direktor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. S. Dazert).

Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie
|May 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conventional hearing aids help many, but implantable devices offer solutions for those with severe hearing loss or complications. These advanced hearing solutions significantly improve speech understanding and quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Many patients with moderate to severe hearing loss benefit from conventional hearing aids.
  • Some individuals do not achieve sufficient benefit or cannot use conventional aids due to external ear canal issues or anatomical limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and efficacy of implantable hearing devices for patients with hearing loss who are not candidates for or do not benefit from conventional hearing aids.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fully- and semi-implantable middle ear implants and bone conduction implants.
  • Discussion of devices that stimulate the skull, middle ear structures, or cochlea.
  • Consideration of audiological and anatomical indication criteria for surgical hearing rehabilitation.

Main Results:

  • Implantable hearing devices provide significant improvements in speech understanding for select patients.
  • These devices can lead to a tremendous improvement in the quality of life for individuals with hearing loss.

Conclusions:

  • Implantable hearing devices are a viable and effective option for patients who fail conventional hearing aid use or surgical hearing rehabilitation.
  • Careful adherence to audiological and anatomical indication criteria is crucial for successful outcomes with implantable hearing devices.