Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

6.5K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
6.5K
Comparative Excretory Systems02:24

Comparative Excretory Systems

27.0K
Animals have evolved different strategies for excretion, the removal of waste from the body. Most waste must be dissolved in water to be excreted, so an animal’s excretory strategy directly affects its water balance.
27.0K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

12.5K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
12.5K
Urea Cycle01:23

Urea Cycle

51.8K
The urea cycle describes how liver cells convert ammonia to urea. Ammonia is a toxic waste product of protein catabolism. Land animals must convert ammonia into the less toxic urea which can be safely eliminated by the kidneys through urine. Marine animals excrete ammonia directly, and the surrounding water dilutes the ammonia to safe levels.
51.8K
Formation of Dilute Urine01:20

Formation of Dilute Urine

3.7K
The formation of dilute urine is a critical renal adaptation that maintains fluid balance, particularly during periods of high fluid intake. This process primarily involves the juxtamedullary nephrons. By adjusting the permeability of water and ions in response to physiological conditions, the kidneys can either conserve or excrete water, resulting in concentrated or dilute urine.
Filtrate Osmolarity in the PCT
Initially, as the filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), its...
3.7K
The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

61.3K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
61.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Implementation evaluation of an inpatient digital dashboard for direct oral anticoagulant surveillance.

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists·2026
Same author

Anticoagulation Services as a Model for Cardiovascular Medication Stewardship.

Circulation·2026
Same author

Multivariate evaluation of soil-water-plant health in multifunctional buffer-strip systems.

The Science of the total environment·2026
Same author

"Safe and effective anticoagulation use: case studies in anticoagulation stewardship": reply.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2026
Same author

Selecting performance indicators for farms and ranches engaged in collaborative agroecosystem research.

Journal of environmental quality·2025
Same author

Through the lens of phosphorus: The legacy of Andrew Sharpley.

Journal of environmental quality·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

A Protocol for Conducting Rainfall Simulation to Study Soil Runoff
10:35

A Protocol for Conducting Rainfall Simulation to Study Soil Runoff

Published on: April 3, 2014

21.5K

Persistence and Surface Transport of Urea-Nitrogen: A Rainfall Simulation Study.

Leonard C Kibet, Ray B Bryant, Anthony R Buda

    Journal of Environmental Quality
    |May 3, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Elevated urea concentrations are linked to harmful algal blooms. This study found that while some nitrogen (N) fertilizers and manures can contribute urea to runoff, simple management like soil incorporation significantly reduces these losses.

    More Related Videos

    Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers
    10:29

    Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers

    Published on: March 21, 2016

    13.0K
    Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
    13:27

    Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

    Published on: June 8, 2015

    9.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

    A Protocol for Conducting Rainfall Simulation to Study Soil Runoff
    10:35

    A Protocol for Conducting Rainfall Simulation to Study Soil Runoff

    Published on: April 3, 2014

    21.5K
    Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers
    10:29

    Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers

    Published on: March 21, 2016

    13.0K
    Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
    13:27

    Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

    Published on: June 8, 2015

    9.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Soil Science
    • Agronomy

    Background:

    • Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasingly frequent and toxic globally.
    • Elevated urea concentrations in water bodies are strongly associated with HABs.
    • Increased agricultural nitrogen (N) inputs and urea use correlate with HABs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess N fertilizers and manures' potential to contribute urea to runoff.
    • To evaluate urea loss from a Coastal Plain soil under simulated rainfall.
    • To understand the impact of different N sources on water quality.

    Main Methods:

    • Rainfall simulation study on Maryland's Eastern Shore Coastal Plain soil.
    • Application of different N fertilizers (urea, urea with urease inhibitor) and manures (poultry litter, dairy manure).
    • Measurement of urea-N and dissolved N in runoff over multiple simulated rainfall events.

    Main Results:

    • Approximately 1% of surface-applied urea-N fertilizer and poultry litter was lost in runoff shortly after application.
    • Cumulative urea-N losses reached ~1.7% from urea fertilizer with a urease inhibitor over several weeks.
    • Incorporated poultry litter showed negligible urea-N loss; dairy manure losses were intermediate.
    • Total dissolved N losses in runoff were <5% of applied N, indicating other N loss pathways.

    Conclusions:

    • Surface application of urea-based fertilizers and poultry litter can lead to significant urea runoff, especially under intense rainfall.
    • Shallow soil incorporation of N fertilizers and manures effectively minimizes urea runoff.
    • Management practices like timing and incorporation are crucial for reducing N pollution and mitigating HABs.